Cancer and Physiotherapy

Cancer and Physiotherapy

Cancer and physiotherapy are intertwined in various ways, with physiotherapists playing a crucial role in the multidisciplinary care of cancer patients. 

Physiotherapy, also known as physical therapy, focuses on restoring and enhancing physical function, mobility, and quality of life. In the context of cancer, physiotherapy interventions seek to address the physical obstacles and impairments that might result from both the disease and its therapies helping in improving patient’s overall quality of life.

How Cancer affects Physical activity in Cancer

Physical activity in cancer patients can be hindered by various factors related to the disease itself and its treatments. These factors can create challenges and limitations that impact a patient’s ability to engage in regular exercise. Here are some ways in which physical activity in cancer patients can be hindered –

• Fatigue 
• Physical Weakness
• Pain and Discomfort
• Nausea and Vomiting
• Lymphedema (Surgical procedures and lymph node removal)
• d Bone Loss
• Psychological Impact
• Frequent Treatment sessions 

Cancer and Physiotherapy

How Cancer affects Physical activity in Cancer

• Neuropathy
• Anemia
• Fear and Anxiety
• Body Image Concerns
• Treatment-Induce

Despite these obstacles, integrating appropriate and tailored physical activity into a cancer patient’s routine can offer significant benefits. Collaborating with healthcare professionals, such as physiotherapists and oncologists, can help develop a safe and effective exercise plan that addresses these challenges and gradually improves physical function, overall well-being, and quality of life.

Consult a Physiotherapist

Physiotherapy is indispensable for cancer patients facing limitations in physical activity. Some factors impact a patient’s ability to engage in regular exercise and maintain their physical well-being such as fatigue, pain, weakness, and mobility issues. 

Physiotherapists specialize in assessing individual needs by creating tailored exercise plans and managing treatment side effects. They design safe and effective programs to enhance strength, mobility, and functional capacity. 

Physiotherapy also helps manage pain, alleviate discomfort, and mitigate treatment-related symptoms, enabling patients to participate in physical activities more comfortably. Lymphedema is a common concern that can be addressed through specialized techniques. Physiotherapists also provide essential education, emotional support, and guidance, empowering patients to overcome barriers by safely embracing physical activity. 

By fostering gradual progress and monitoring patient’s well-being a physiotherapists can contribute significantly to improving patients’ quality of life, promoting functional independence, and facilitating a more positive cancer experience.

Exercise programs to strengthen a patient

Exercise programs to strengthen a cancer patient should be tailored to the individual’s specific condition, treatment stage, and physical capabilities. These programs aim to enhance strength, endurance, and overall well-being while considering any treatment-related limitations. It’s crucial to work closely with healthcare professionals, particularly a physiotherapist, to develop a safe and effective exercise plan. Here’s a general outline of considerations for designing an exercise program for a cancer patient –

1. Assessment – Begin with a thorough assessment by a healthcare provider or physiotherapist to understand the patient’s medical history, treatment regimen, physical condition, and any potential risks.
2. Start Slowly – Begin with low-intensity exercises and gradually increase intensity, duration, and frequency over time. Listen to the patient’s body and avoid overexertion.
3. Cardiovascular Exercises – Include activities like brisk walking, stationary cycling, or swimming to improve cardiovascular fitness and endurance. Start with short sessions and gradually build up.
4. Strength Training – Utilize resistance exercises with body weight, resistance bands, or light weights to target major muscle groups. Focus on proper form and controlled movements.
5. Flexibility and Stretching – Incorporate gentle stretching exercises to improve flexibility and reduce muscle stiffness. Include both static and dynamic stretches.
6. Balance and Coordination – Integrate exercises that challenge balance and coordination, such as yoga, tai chi, or simple balance drills.
7. Breathing Exercises – Practice deep breathing exercises to improve lung function and manage stress. These are especially important for patients undergoing chest or lung treatments.
8. Rest and Recovery – Allow for adequate rest and recovery between sessions. Pay attention to the patient’s energy levels and adjust the program accordingly.
9. Hydration and Nutrition – Emphasize proper hydration and balanced nutrition to support exercise performance and recovery.
10.  Mind-Body Practices – Consider incorporating relaxation techniques, meditation, or mindfulness practices to reduce stress and improve overall well-being.

What is the role of a physiotherapist in chemotherapy?

The role of a physiotherapist in chemotherapy is to provide comprehensive care and support to cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatments. Chemotherapy can lead to various physical challenges and side effects, impacting patients’ mobility, strength, and overall well-being. Physiotherapists play a crucial role in addressing these issues and promoting optimal physical function throughout the chemotherapy journey. Here’s an overview of the key responsibilities of a physiotherapist in chemotherapy –

1. Pain Management – Physiotherapists use techniques such as manual therapy, gentle stretching, and relaxation exercises to help alleviate pain and discomfort associated with chemotherapy.
2. Maintaining Mobility – Chemotherapy can lead to muscle stiffness, joint pain, and reduced mobility. Physiotherapists design exercise programs to maintain or improve joint flexibility, muscle strength, and overall movement.
3. Fatigue Management – Cancer-related fatigue is common during chemotherapy. Physiotherapists develop strategies to manage fatigue and improve energy levels through appropriate exercise and activity pacing.
4. Respiratory Care – Chemotherapy can affect lung function and breathing. Physiotherapists teach breathing exercises and techniques to optimize lung capacity and prevent respiratory complications.
5. Lymphedema Prevention – Some chemotherapy treatments increase the risk of lymphedema (swelling). Physiotherapists educate patients on techniques to prevent and manage lymphedema.
6. Balance and Fall Prevention – Chemotherapy can impact balance and coordination. Physiotherapists work on balance exercises to reduce the risk of falls and injuries.
7. Individualized Exercise Plans: Physiotherapists create personalized exercise programs that consider the patient’s specific needs, treatment schedule, and physical abilities to help maintain function and promote overall well-being.
8. Collaboration – Physiotherapists collaborate with other members of the healthcare team, including oncologists, nurses, and occupational therapists, to ensure a holistic and coordinated approach to patient care.

The role of a physiotherapist in chemotherapy is to optimize the physical well-being and functional abilities of cancer patients undergoing treatment. Through tailored interventions and a patient-centered approach, physiotherapists contribute significantly to enhancing the overall experience and outcomes of individuals receiving chemotherapy.